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Azimzadeh H, Bozorgi F. Application of RCS and GRM Techniques for Depth Estimation of Refractor Interfaces in Civil Engineering Projects. sjis 2026; 8 (2) :10-21
URL: http://sjis.srpub.org/article-5-266-en.html

Seismology, a branch of geophysics, has seen significant advancements since its inception. Among the various techniques developed, the seismic refraction method is an essential tool for subsurface exploration. This method relies on the principles of wave propagation to reveal geological structures, making it vital for a range of applications such as resource exploration, environmental assessments, and civil engineering projects. In seismic refraction studies, methods that calculate the depth of the refractor interface at each geophone location offer substantial benefits. Various techniques have been developed for interpreting seismic refraction data. This research presents a case study that employs the RCS and GRM methods on seismic refraction data collected from a civil engineering project in Tehran. To implement these methods, all steps associated with the GRM method were executed using Excel. This analysis involved calculating velocity function values and time-depth relationships based on the arrival times of both forward and reverse shots at the geophone locations along the seismic refraction profile. Additionally, the RCS method, known for its simplicity and efficiency in processing full trace data through the convolution of forward and reverse shot records, was performed using MATLAB and SeisImager software. The results from both methods provided insights into the depth of the refractor interface along the surveyed profile.